Liu Jialong Li Yafei Song Ningyuan Pei Lei
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Digital humanities provide new methods for the processing of humanities research materials, but in specific practice, there is a phenomenon of overemphasizing data analysis and neglecting problem argumentation and explanation, making it difficult to effectively integrate into the traditional framework of humanities research. From an evidence-based perspective, this paper sorts out the evidence-based process of humanities research, constructs the SMCI model to describe humanities research problems, and carries out problem-driven digital humanities evidence-based decision-making from three levels: evidence retrieval, evidence quality evaluation, and evidence synthesis. Taking the Nanjing Massacre as an example, this paper sorts out the specific paths of evidence retrieval, evidence quality evaluation characteristics, and evidence integration in the description of humanistic research problems from the perspective of evidence utilization retrieval; sorts out the differential characteristics of materials in the argumentation of humanistic research problems from the perspective of evidence creation retrieval, analyzes the relevance between secondary evidence and problem argumentation, and creates primary evidence according to the needs of argumentation. The results show that the evidence-based approach to digital humanities provides a theoretical basis for data analysis with a genealogy of research questions, a source of research evidence, and explainable research results. The implementation of problem-driven digital humanities evidence-based decision-making requires the reconstruction of humanities research materials based on the evidence-based paradigm.