在信息爆炸的网络环境中，用户极易受到情绪和从众心理等主观因素的影响，进而表现出一系列诸如谣言传播、从众恶意评论等非理性行为，破坏了网络生态的健康发展，这种行为在粉丝群体中尤为突出。文章整合了一般攻击模型、认知失调理论和情绪归因理论，采用结构方程模型（SEM）和模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA）相结合的方法，从信息茧房的视角切入，深入分析粉丝群体从众恶评行为的驱动因素及其构型路径，旨在为维护社交媒体平台的健康生态提供重要的理论支撑。SEM分析结果显示，特质愤怒与信息茧房正向影响敌意归因偏差，而信息茧房与情感承诺对认知失调具有正向影响。敌意归因偏差、认知失调和负性情绪均正向影响从众恶评意愿；同时，负性情绪在敌意归因偏差与从众恶评意愿之间，以及认知失调与从众恶评意愿之间均具有显著的中介效应。fsQCA结果表明，信息茧房增强型和信息茧房缺失型两类构型均会触发从众恶评意愿。基于此，社交媒体平台应通过引入多元化信息和减少信息茧房效应，减少认知偏见和负性情绪的传播，从而维护网络空间的健康生态。

 In the context of an information-overloaded online environment, users are highly susceptible to subjective factors such as emotions and herd mentality, which can lead to a series of irrational behaviors, including the spread of rumors and herd malicious comments. These behaviors undermine the healthy development of the online ecosystem, and such behavior is particularly prominent among fan groups. This research integrates the General Aggression Model, Cognitive Dissonance Theory and Attribution Theory of Emotion, employing a combined approach of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). From the perspective of information cocoon, this research thoroughly analyzes the driving factors and configurational paths of herd malicious commenting behavior within fan groups, aiming to provide significant theoretical support for maintaining a healthy ecology on social media platforms. The SEM analysis results indicate that trait anger and information cocoon positively influence hostile attribution bias, while information cocoon and emotional commitment have a positive impact on cognitive dissonance. Hostile attribution bias, cognitive dissonance, and negative emotions all positively influence the willingness to engage in herd malicious comments. Additionally, negative emotions serve as a significant mediator between hostile attribution bias and herd malicious comment behavior, as well as between cognitive dissonance and herd malicious comment behavior. The fsQCA results indicate that both the information cocoon-enhanced and information cocoon-absent configurations trigger fans’ willingness to engage in herd malicious comment behavior. Based on these findings, social media platforms should introduce diversified information sources and reduce the effects of information cocoon to mitigate the spread of cognitive biases and negative emotions, thereby fostering a healthier online environment.