With the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI) technologies, AI literacy education has become a crucial focus for libraries’ high-quality development and intelligent transformation. This paper systematically reviews the core components of AI literacy, proposing a multidimensional conceptual framework encompassing knowledge and skills, attitudes and emotions, values, and ethics. It integrates a process model featuring “planning, acquiring, evaluating, and communicating” to explore dynamic pathways for AI literacy education. The findings suggest that libraries should leverage interdisciplinary collaboration and contextualized education to enhance technical competence and ethical awareness among the public, thereby driving service innovation. The study further proposes service strategies, such as introducing ethics-focused courses, strengthening skills training, and optimizing interactive designs to improve AI applications in library contexts.