This study aims to explore the configuration of factors influencing information sharing behavior among multilingual users from the perspective of cross-cultural communication, with the goal of enhancing their willingness to share information across cultures and promoting the flow of intercultural information resources. This study selects multilingual users as the subject and extracts research variables based on the dimensions of information subject, content, technology, and environment. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey and analyzed using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis and regression analysis to identify the core configurations of factors affecting information sharing behavior. It is found that the social environment is the necessary condition for the occurrence of information sharing behavior, and significant positive influence relationships are found with language environment, cultural environment, social environment, and system quality. The configurations of influencing factors are categorized into three types. The findings not only verify the stability of the multidimensional causal structure of information sharing behaviors but also uncover the variability and context-dependent characteristics of specific factors in their dynamic process. These discoveries contribute to theoretical insights into the mechanisms influencing information sharing behaviors from the perspective of cross-cultural communication and provide practical references for the development of cross-cultural communication strategies. Interventions can be tailored or adjusted accordingly to optimize information sharing effects among multilingual users.