Towards responsible publishing: a proposal from cOAlition S (TRP) initiative is a response to the shortcomings exposed by the Open Access Plan S, such as delayed publication, unequal publishing models and hidden contributions to peer review. This article summarizes the content and characteristics of the TRP initiative, the opportunities and challenges it brings to the academic exchange ecosystem, and analyzes its important implications for advancing Chinese open access practice. The study found that the plan promotes the formation of an academic exchange system led by scholars and based on the community, proposes the "publish, review, plan" model and comprehensive strategic tasks, aiming to change the academic evaluation system and incentive mechanism, and accelerate the development of preprint platforms. However, it also faces challenges such as response range limitations, integrity issues, brand reputation erosion and the lack of multi-party cooperation. China should establish an independent full-process open access platform, strengthen the quality management and evaluation of journal publishing, balance the interests of all parties in open access, promote the research and construction of humanities and social sciences open access.