Data governance is the prerequisite guarantee to ensure the effective release of data element value. The improvement path for regional big data governance for the development of the digital economy can provide reference for the innovative data governance system. This paper based on the theory of social technology system, the fsQCA method is found to be found: (1) Single factor is not a necessary condition for the formation of big data governance paths for high-level regions. (2) There are 5 paths for regional big data governance for the development of the digital economy, which is further refined into three driving modes, namely structural dominance type, technology led type, and social technology all-around type. (3) The regional big data governance path for the development of the digital economy has obvious regional characteristics, pilot effects, and the differences in the level of digital economy development. The empowerment advantage of conditions is obvious, especially the application of emerging information technology, and the structural dimension in the social subsystem is equally important.