In the context of the development of the digital economy, the development and utilization of data resources is emerging as a new force and pathway to drive high-quality regional collaborative innovation. At present, regional collaborative innovation and the utilization of data resources have relevant policy foundation. Based on the engine role of data resources, the development of digital economy has the effect of "strong chain", "expanding chain" and "average chain" for regional collaborative innovation. The core content of data resources development and utilization for regional collaborative innovation involves data aggregation, data governance, data application and environmental guarantee. In the future, the development of relevant directions can be further promoted from three aspects: region-specific data governance strategies, inter-regional data collaboration under a grand strategic view, and the construction of data chains and regional digital spaces.