The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed the central tasks of the Party are building China into a great modern socialist country in all respects and achieving the Second Centenary Goal in the new era and new journey. To advance the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts through the Chinese path to modernization. The article analyses the characteristics and construction principles of a modern public cultural service system that is compatible with the Chinese path to modernization and puts forward the new tasks facing the construction of a public cultural service system in the new era and new journey in promoting the balanced and coordinated development of public cultural services, accelerating the digitization of public cultural services, enabling the socialized development of public cultural services, and advancing the innovative integration of public cultural services.