Data is a basic resource in life science research. The research of life science data management of quality control can advance scientific data management, and life science innovation theory and research method has important practical significance. Based on the life cycle theory, through policy text analysis, case comparison and literature research, this paper systematically sorts out the quality control measures of different subjects in different stages of life science data management planning, collection, organization, preservation, sharing and utilization. In this paper, the core requirements of life science data quality control at different stages are put forward, and the life science data quality control system at three levels is constructed, including the basic layer, the main layer and the process control layer.