Books are important components of academic output, and it is of great significance to the evaluation of the academic influence of books. Price's book Little Science, Big Science is the foundation of Scientific Metrology and has research significance. A citation content attribute indexing system is constructed in this paper, and then it is applied to count and analyze the citations of Little Science, Big Science in SSCI and CSSCI database so as to explore the research fields and topics influenced by Little Science, Big Science, and then Chinese and foreign literature citation content are comparatively analyzed. Pertinence suggestions for further studies of Little Science, Big Science and the evaluation of the books' academic influence are put forward.