The EU fully adopts FAIR principle in the fields of Open Scientific Data and Open Government Data, and has achieved remarkable results, which has reference value for China's public data open sharing policy formulation. Using Web survey and literature analysis methods, the content, implementation framework and progress of the FAIR principles in EU was systematically introduced in this paper. Then, the shortcomings of the public data opening in China were analyzed in comparison with the FAIR principle. Drawing on the advanced experience of the European Union, it is believed that China should coordinate the opening of government data and scientific data, attach importance to the interoperability of data infrastructure in the "new infrastructure", and strengthen international cooperation for the open sharing of science data.