The management and service of library collections has always been one of the core business of the libraries. Building and optimizing a high-quality library collection system have a direct or indirect impact on the development of library services. The paper makes research from all aspects of the library collections. It analyses and delves into the zero-data phenomenon in the whole process of "interview-collection -circulation". It further optimizes the structure, spatial layout and circulation adjustment of library collection, establishes a zero-data-based and guided collection optimization system, and applies it to the practical work of library.