This paper analyzes and clarifies the zero data in the library reading promotion, provides the corresponding strategy for the zero data problem, and constructs the zero data theory applied in the library reading promotion model, which help to eliminate the blind spot and the short board of the library reading promotion, so as to make the National Reading work more refined. In this paper the method of data collection and analysis are used to classify the zero data in reading promotion, and to construct the model of reading promotion based on zero data theory. The author believes that the library should pay more attention to zero data in the future reading promotion, and establish the decision-making system of collection, classification and intelligent analysis of relevant zero data, which will help to improve the breadth and dimension of reading promotion, the data system, library management, and service of smart library.