The outbreak of COVID-19 has become a major public health emergency in China. It is of great practical significance to reflect on the role of information science and information work in the response to this major infection. From the perspective of information science, this paper analyzes the information and intelligence problems in the epidemic outbreak and development. Based on the Overall National Security Concept and a new “big intelligence view”, the paper also proposes the response information system framework of the national public health emergency,intelligence-embedded early warning and emergency management systems, intelligence mechanism focusing on the prevention and emergency response of the country's public health emergencies, intelligence system based on the "data - information - knowledge - intelligence" information chain, information literacy and health promotion support system, in order to facilitate crossover and integration of information science and public health security system, and improve response mechanism of the major public health emergency.