The development of information technology has promoted social change and the reform of library work. The librarianship in China has made great progress since the starting of the new century. However, there are two major challenges for the further progress of Chinese librarianship: one is the crisis of professional identity of librarianship, and the other one is the decay of the core skills of library work which is acquired from professional education of Library Science. Chinese Library Science needs to face the transformation of Chinese librarianship, and make corresponding adjustments from the three aspects to meet the developmental needs of the Chinese library enterprise, including curriculum setting, scientific research, and personnel training.