Public cultural service meets an important opportunity when the government plans to deepen the institutional reform in culture and tourism so as to propel the development of cultural career, cultural industry and tourism as a whole. Public culture in the new era can find its exact position in general culture and the social economic development with this opportunity, and many difficult problems may be solved. The necessity, reality, meaning, and paths of the integration and innovation of public cultural service are analyzed from the relation of social undertaking and social production, the chain conduction from social needs to social supply to social production and the interactive mechanics between these factors.