Clarifying the data problems faced by humanities and social sciences research under the big data environment is conducive to promoting the deep integration of big data and humanities and social sciences research. Starting from the research process of humanities and social sciences, this paper analyzes the problems such as data requirements, data privacy, data quality and data rights in data acquisition, data processing and data sharing of humanities and social sciences research. Then，targeted suggestions are put forward in three aspects: promoting the sharing of humanities and social sciences data resources, informing multiple-dimension data management and supervision mechanism of humanities and social sciences research, and strengthening data literacy education for humanities and social sciences researchers.