Through analyzing theories about open data, the formulation of the license agreement, content of open data, way of open data and practice case deeply, the paper provides advices and inspiration for China's all-round development of open data. Using the method of literature research and network investigation, this paper systematically combs the current situation of open data at home and abroad. The development of open data in foreign countries has been perfected in theory and practice research. Domestic research focuses on the theory and the practice analysis of foreign open data, and lacks open data practice in line with the actual situation of the country. At present, the open data development at home and abroad is dominated by government data, while the open and shared data of scientific research data are relatively few. However, the whole life cycle theory is not fully considered in the research process.