社会数字化转型为全球图书馆事业带来了机遇与挑战。各国积极应对，通过采取不同措施以规制发展风险，产生了不同的效果。文章调研了代表性国家、国际组织的发展风险规制实践，总结了当前图书馆发展风险规制的经验与教训：主要发展经验包括及时关注数字化发展机遇与冲击、通过数字化项目牵引转型、争取法律调整保障发展、广泛利用社会力量与国际合作共同应对风险。深刻教训包括一些国家的图书馆错过数字化快车、数字化发展失衡、其他风险叠加应对不足、社会化运营诱发市场化倾向。在梳理经验与教训的基础上，提炼出对我国图书馆发展风险规制的若干启示。

Social digital transformation has brought both new opportunities and emerging challenges to libraries worldwide. Countries have responded proactively by adopting diverse regulatory measures to regulate development risks, resulting in varied outcomes. Based on a survey of development risk regulation practices in representative countries and international organizations, this article synthesizes international experiences and lessons in regulating library development risks. Key experiences include the timely attention to the development opportunities and disruptive impacts of digitalization, the use of digital projects to drive transformation, advocate for legal regulation to safeguard development, and the extensive mobilization of social forces and international cooperation to jointly address risks. Important lessons have also emerged: in some countries, libraries missed the rapid trajectory of digital transformation; imbalances in digital development became pronounced; Insufficient response with overlapping other risks, and socialized operation introduced market-oriented tendencies. Building on this review of experiences and lessons, the article distills several implications for the regulation of library development risks in China.