文章运用2017年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)微观数据，以《全球数字素养框架》为基准，构建公民数字素养评价指标体系，建立有序Probit模型进行回归分析，系统探究数字素养对公民阶层认同的影响效应。研究表明：数字素养正向影响公民主观阶层认同；数字素养能通过提升社会资本和人力资本存量、降低相对剥夺感来提升公民主观阶层认同；除男性公民外，数字素养更有助于提升数字优势群体（中青年公民、城市公民和高教育程度公民）主观阶层认同，而对数字弱势群体主观阶层认同提振作用有限，从而揭示了数字社会发展过程的不平等问题；数字素养能降低公民阶层认同下移的风险和促进公民阶层流动感知上移，但对阶层流动预期无显著影响。对此亟须以全方位普及体系激活数字素养赋能阶层认同的提振路径，以多元化资源渠道强化数字素养与阶层认同的链接，以差异化普及策略缩小数字素养驱动阶层认同的群体差异，加快构建数字素养的包容性发展路径，助力数智时代公民发展与社会进步。

Based on Chinese General Social Survey 2017 data and Global Digital Literacy Framework, this study constructs an evaluation index system for citizens' digital literacy, establishes an ordered Probit model for regression analysis, and systematically explores the impact of digital literacy on citizens' class identification. The results show that: Digital literacy positively affects citizens' subjective class identification; Digital literacy can enhance citizens' subjective class identity by improving the stock of social capital and human capital and reducing the sense of relative deprivation. Except for male citizens, digital literacy is more conducive to enhancing the subjective class identity of the digital advantaged groups (young and middle-aged citizens, urban citizens, and citizens with high educational attainment), while it has limited effect on the subjective class identity of digital disadvantaged groups, thus revealing the inequality in the development process of digital society. Digital literacy can reduce the risk of downward class identity and promote the perception of upward class mobility, but has no significant impact on the expectation of class mobility. Therefore, it is urgent to activate the path of enhancing class identity through digital literacy with a comprehensive popularization system, strengthen the connection between digital literacy and class identity through diversified resource channels, narrow the group differences in digital literature-driven class identity through differentiated popularization strategies and accelerate the construction of an inclusive development path of digital literacy to facilitate digital intelligence era of citizens' development and social progress.