学科交叉研究已成为应对复杂科学问题的重要方式。文章系统梳理学科交叉研究的进展、揭示关键挑战与未来方向，以期为后续研究提供参考。首先，界定学科交叉研究的内涵，明确其包含动态研究活动与静态研究结果两个重要方面；其次，从定义认知、影响因素、演变机理、识别测度及结果评价五个维度评述研究现状；之后，针对学科交叉研究存在的概念认知统一性不足、识别与测度深度知识挖掘欠缺、评价体系与知识组织方式待完善三大瓶颈，提出未来研究应重点突破交叉活动机理认知、面向知识单元的交叉识别与测度方法开发，以及多维评价标准设计与知识组织优化等关键方向；最后，构建知识单元层面的学科交叉研究路线图，为领域研究提供新的研究视角。

Interdisciplinary research has emerged as a prominent research method for solving complex problems. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of advancements in interdisciplinary research, highlighting existing challenges and suggesting future research directions, making it a valuable resource for subsequent studies. First of all, this paper proposes a definition of interdisciplinary research that includes both interdisciplinary activities and their outcomes. It then systematically reviews current research through five key themes: definitional cognition, influencing factors, evolutionary processes, identification, measurement, and evaluation. The analysis reveals three major challenges facing interdisciplinary research: a lack of unity at the cognitive level, the necessity of achieving deeper knowledge mining in identification and measurement studies, and the need for an improved evaluation system and knowledge organization. In this regard, future research should concentrate on several key areas: understanding the mechanisms of interdisciplinary activities, developing identification and measurement methods for knowledge units, and designing multidimensional evaluation criteria while optimizing knowledge organization. Finally, this paper constructs a roadmap for interdisciplinary research at the level of knowledge units, aiming to provide new perspectives for future research.