探索数据空间视域下科研数据共享中的博弈问题，有助于在分散异质多主体间促进科研数据共享合规路径的形成，建立复杂环境下科研数据可信流通新范式。文章基于演化博弈论，在梳理数据空间推动科研数据共享思维链的基础上，构建科研数据共享两方博弈模型，利用复制动态方程原理分析不同主体数据共享行为的动态演化机理。研究发现：基于信任-动态-适配-协同四位一体思维模式的搭建，数据空间能够有效构建可信数据生态、强化主体数据自主权、规范数字技术治理并引导协同创新，从而推动数据提供者、利用者不同博弈主体在科研数据共享过程中形成唯一演化稳定策略（共享，共享）。结合我国现状，建议采取“规则制定-合规监管”“多方参与-资源融合”“优化布局-技术突破”多条路径，加快推进科研数据共享。

To explore the game problem of scientific data sharing from the perspective of data spaces, it is helpful to form a safe and compliant path of scientific data sharing among decentralized and heterogeneous multi-agents, and establish a new paradigm of trusted circulation of scientific data. This paper is based on evolutionary game theory, this study constructs a two-party game model of scientific data sharing based on the thought chain reasoning of data spaces promoting scientific data sharing, and analyzes the dynamic evolution mechanism of sharing behavior by using the principle of replication dynamic equation. The research finds out that under the four-in-one thinking mode of trust-dynamic-adaptation-collaboration, the data spaces built a trusted ecology, strengthened data autonomy, standardized technology governance, and guided collaborative innovation, so that the only evolutionarily stable strategy to promote the sharing of scientific data between the two sides of the game is (sharing, sharing). Combined with the current situation in China, this study suggests adopting multiple paths of "rule-making-compliance supervision""multi-participation-resource integration""optimization layout-technological breakthrough" to promote scientific data sharing.