针对文献保护研究的理论不足、视角单一问题，将文献保护视作一种实践并在社会实践理论的框架下给予关系视角的关照，能够为文献保护及其研究提供新的思路。文章以建构文献保护实践的场域为重点，设计了社会实践理论框架下的文献保护研究的步骤和方法。研究发现，文献保护实践在进入21世纪之后发生了场域位移，从原来的文化遗产保护场域逐渐位移到了中华优秀传统文化传承发展场域。伴随着这一场域位移，文献保护实践措施日益多元，文献保护类型学框架得以重构；而围绕着文献这一保护对象的保护行动圈不断拓展，行动圈中原有或新进的行动者，都需要重新思考如何才能在新的场域中保持或者获得更佳的位置。

In view of the lack of theory and single perspective of conservation and preservation (C&P) of documents research, taking C&P of documents as a kind of practice and paying attention to it from the perspective of relationship under the framework of Social Practice Theory can provide new ideas for C&P of documents and related research. Focusing on the construction of the field of C&P of documents practice, this paper designs the steps and methods under the framework of Social Practice Theory. It is found that the C&P of documents practice has undergone a field shift since it entered the 21st century, from the original field of cultural heritage protection to the field of inheritance and development of Chinese excellent traditional culture. Along with this field shift, the practice measures of C&P of documents are increasingly diversified, thus a new C&P of documents typology framework is constructed. The research further found that the protection action circle around the document as the object of C&P is constantly expanding, and both the existing or new actors in the circle of action need to rethink how to maintain or obtain a better position in the new field.