：欧盟在开放科学数据和开放政府数据领域全面采纳FAIR原则并取得显著效果，对于我国公共领域的政府及科学数据开放共享的政策制定具有参考和借鉴价值。文章采用网络调查和文献分析方法，介绍了欧盟开放科学数据的FAIR 原则的内容、实施框架和实施进展情况。随后分析了我国公共数据开放相对于FAIR原则的不足，提出应借鉴欧盟的先进经验和做法，包括统筹政府数据开放与科学数据开放，在"新基建"中重视数据基础设施的互联互通，及加强科学数据开放共享的国际合作。

The EU fully adopts FAIR principle in the fields of Open Scientific Data and Open Government Data, and has achieved remarkable results, which has reference value for China's public data open sharing policy formulation. Using Web survey and literature analysis methods, the content, implementation framework and progress of the FAIR principles in EU was systematically introduced in this paper. Then, the shortcomings of the public data opening in China were analyzed in comparison with the FAIR principle. Drawing on the advanced experience of the European Union, it is believed that China should coordinate the opening of government data and scientific data, attach importance to the interoperability of data infrastructure in the "new infrastructure", and strengthen international cooperation for the open sharing of science data.