：文章从游戏化的角度考察了相关要素对用户参与公众科学项目所发挥的激励作用。首先，对游戏化及其在公众科学平台中的应用进行文献梳理。随后，将公众科学平台的16个游戏化要素划分为任务设计、交互设计、反馈设计和奖励设计4个维度，并对其进行信度和效度分析。接着，利用Kano模型将公众科学平台游戏化要素归类为魅力质量、一维质量、必备质量、无差异质量和反向质量，并计算其决策权重。研究结果显示奖励设计维度中的任务完成奖励和阶段奖励、交互设计维度中的排名、任务设计维度中的难度标识和故事情节、反馈设计维度中的实时信息反馈的决策权重较高。最后从这四个维度分别对公众科学平台的游戏化设计提出了对策建议。

This paper examines the role of relevant gamified elements in inspiring users participation from the perspective of gamification. Firstly, this paper reviews the literature on gamification and its application in citizen science platforms. Then, 16 gamification elements of the citizen science platform are divided into four dimensions, namely task design, interaction design, feedback design and reward design, and the related reliability and validity are examined. Next, gamification elements of the citizen science platforms are classified into attractive, one-dimensional, must-be, indifferent and reverse quality, and the weights of gamification elements are calculated by using Kano model. The results show that weights of the task completion reward and stage reward in reward design dimension, the ranking in interaction design dimension, difficulty identification and story plot in task design dimension, and real-time information feedback in feedback design dimension play important roles. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions for the gamification design of citizen science platforms based on the findings.