：文章采用文献调研和网络调查相结合的方法，从开放数据相关理论、许可协议的制定、开放数据的开放内容、开放途径以及实践案例等方面对国内外开放数据的研究进展进行梳理和分析。文章认为国外开放数据发展在理论和实践研究方面已趋于完善，国内研究则侧重于理论以及对国外开放数据的实践分析，缺少符合本国实际情况的开放数据实践。通过分析也发现目前国内外开放数据主要以政府数据开放为主，科研数据开放与共享相对较少，在研究过程中未充分考虑全生命周期理论的阶段开放。

Through analyzing theories about open data, the formulation of the license agreement, content of open data, way of open data and practice case deeply, the paper provides advices and inspiration for China's all-round development of open data. Using the method of literature research and network investigation, this paper systematically combs the current situation of open data at home and abroad. The development of open data in foreign countries has been perfected in theory and practice research. Domestic research focuses on the theory and the practice analysis of foreign open data, and lacks open data practice in line with the actual situation of the country. At present, the open data development at home and abroad is dominated by government data, while the open and shared data of scientific research data are relatively few. However, the whole life cycle theory is not fully considered in the research process.