：在公共文化事业快速发展与《中华人民共和国公共图书馆法》即将出台的背景下，在公共图书馆服务体系建设中推行PPP模式是政府与社会资本合作的重大理论与实践创新。文章在探讨协调公共图书馆服务体系公益性与社会资本逐利性的关系、分析公共图书馆服务体系推行PPP模式的必要性和可行性的基础上，解读了公共图书馆服务体系推行PPP模式的障碍及未来所面临的挑战。研究结果表明，推行PPP模式不仅有助于提升公共图书馆服务体系的建设管理水平及运营效率，而且也有助于提升社会资本的影响力。此外，我国良好的政策环境为公共图书馆服务体系建设过程中推行PPP模式提供了可行性。与此同时，我国公共图书馆服务体系推行PPP模式过程中还存在相关法律法规不完善，引入PPP缺乏源动力以及社会资本进入缺乏源动力等问题。

Under the background of the country vigorously promoting the cultural service uses PPP mode, the implementation of PPP mode in the service system of public library is the important theory and practice innovation of government and social capital cooperation. In the research, we try to probe into the relationship between public library service system and social capital's profitability; to analyze the necessity and feasibility of implementing PPP mode in public library service system, and to clarify the obstacle of the PPP mode of public library service system and the challenges in the future. The results show that the implementation of PPP mode helps to improve the management level and efficiency of public library service system, meanwhile, it helps to enhance the influence of social capital, which explains the necessity of implementing PPP mode. In addition, the good policy environment of our country provides the feasibility of implementing PPP mode in the service system of public library. However, in the process of implementing PPP mode in the service system of public library in our country, there are some obstacles that the laws and regulations   are imperfect, lacking source power and the social capital， etc. It is necessary to further explore the concrete measures to effectively solve these problems.