：文章回顾了大数据与政府治理领域的主要学术进展，梳理了大数据对政府治理核心要素的影响、大数据对政府治理带来的机遇和挑战，汇总了已有公开文献中大数据提升政府治理的案例。在此基础上，构建了大数据情境下的政府治理体系的理论框架，包括政府治理主体、政府治理客体和以大数据为核心的治理方法和流程，并以贵州省习水塌方事故中应用大数据完成抢险救灾任务的案例来描述该理论框架的解释力。

The paper reports the related advances in impacts of big data on the core elements of governance, the opportunities and challenges by big data for governance, and the cases of governance in perspective of big data. Based on the literature review, a theory model of governance system is developed. It is composed of subjects and objects of governance, and big data oriented governing methodology and process. The governance framework based on big data is illustrated with the case of Xishui Highway cave-in accident in Guizhou.